8 




Glass 



Ikti 



Book^i^i^S. 



NEW YORK STATE 

HISTORICAL 
EXHIBIT 

AT THE 

JAMESTOWN EXPOSITION 

1907 



L^ 






HISTORICAL EXHIBIT 

OF 

NEW YORK STATE 

AT 

Jamestown Exposition 

NORFOLK, VA. 

April 26 — December 1, 1907 



AN EXPLANATORY LIST OF ARTICLES, REPLETE 

WITH CHRONOLOGICAL MATERIAL THAT 

WILL GUIDE THE VISITOR AND 

FURNISH A USEFUL REFERENCE 

TO THE STUDENT OF 

AMERICAN HISTORY 



Prepared by CUYLER REYNOLDS, Director 







Mr. THOMAS B. DUNN, Chief Commissioner and President, Rochester 
Mrs. Donald McLean, V.-Pres., New York Mr. Hugh Gordon Miller, New York 
Mr. Frank C. Soule, Syracuse Mr. Shelden B. Broadhead, Jamestown 

Mr. Robert W. Pomeroy, Buffalo Mr. Robert Lee Morrell, New York 



Mr. William H. Hamlin, Secretary Mr. Louis \Y. Gett, Ass't Secretary 






ALBANY 

J. B. LYON COMPANY, STATE PRINTERS 

1907 



By transfer 
JAN 22 1908 



NEW YOEK STATE'S HISTORICAL EXHIBIT. 

The Past of a locality, presented in a history, acts as an incen- 
tive to the Present and determines the Future. It shows what has 
been done by heroic characters, or rather, what great things were 
accomplished by those, possibly simple-living folk, who did their 
full duty, and the people of the present age, imbued with the 
spirit of progress invariably desire to surpass the efforts of those 
who went before. It is the spirit of the times, — Surpass, — 
Excelsior! 

The fact that one strives for a new record or for something bet- 
ter than has been takes it for granted that to excel one must sur- 
pass what has been achieved, and the story that tells of this, — is 
History. The Historical Exhibit is but another form of present- 
ing a history, and a striking way. It carries one along in chapters 
of progress, feature by feature, as one witnesses relic after relic, 
until it is the most prosaic individual who does not involuntarily 
summon to view stirring scenes of the bygones. 

Not everyone cares for the book that is historical; but who is 
not drawn by what is quaintly curious, the inconceivably odd 
methods employed by forefathers, or the rust-rough relic that 
silently shows how our strong men made or our sires saved the 
Nation for us. Thus the Exhibit Historical covers a broad field, 
and where ten thousand copies of a popular history might be read, 
a low computation would be tenfold that number of sightseers read- 
ing the visual history, and it is not to be gainsaid that the person 
who studies history by visiting the scene or scrutinizing an exhibit 
is certain to acquire more information and, better still, to remem- 
ber more of it. 

To the history of New York, likewise to its exhibit, the average 
person is attracted since for three centuries the eyes of the world 
have been directed there. No sooner had early voyagers keeled 
its shore and clumsy cruising craft cast anchor in one of the finest 
sheltering harbors along the coast, that formed by the mouth of 
the beautiful Hudson River, than they returned to map the new 
land and to impress upon those in the Old World the richness of 



New Netherland and the delightful quality of its climate, equably 
disposed between the languor of the south and the short agricul- 
tural summers of the north. Hence New Amsterdam and colonies 
along the Hudson to Tort Orange became at once the most im- 
portant places on the New World map, and, later on, when in 
Revolutionary times it became necessary to defend this land, about 
New York State scenes we find pages of history that cannot be 
omitted without losing practically half of the wondrous story about 
America. In history New York has ever stood at the forefront. 

CUYLER REYNOLDS, 

Director. 
Albany, August 14, 1907. 



HISTORICAL RELICS. 

(Curios in Cases.) 



A -1. Sir William Johnson Poplar. Piece of huge tree 
(7 ft. diam.) in 1907 standing (amid the trees he set out in 
1762) before the residence known as Johnson Hall, Johnstown, 
^NT. Y. ; estate bought by the State for preservation. He led the 
Indian forces to Lake George in 1755 to repulse advance of the 
French from Canada under Baron Dieskau. Owned by Cuyler 
Reynolds, Albany. 

A-2. Spike. Hand-forged example taken from residence of 
Sir Win. Johnson. Owned by Johnstown Historical Society. 

A-3. Clothes-peg. These wooden, hand-cut plugs line the 
closets of Sir Wm. Johnson's residence. Owned by Johnstown 
Historical Society. 

A-4. Knife-box. It was hung upon the wall of the " John- 
son Hall " dining-room and used by Sir Wm. Johnson. Owned 
by Johnstown Historical Society. 

A-5. Eating-knife. Its end was broadened to enable the 
user to carry food to the mouth. Owned by Johnstown Historical 

Society. 

A-6. Adze. Hand-wrought specimen, used for hewing house 
timbers in Colonial days ; found on " Johnson Hall " property. 
Owned by Johnstown Historical Society. 

A-7. Powder-horn. From " Johnson Hall." Owned by 
Johnstown Historical Society. 

A-8. Horse-shoe. Colonial specimen; hand-made. Owned 
by Johnstown Historical Society. 

A-9. Horse-shoe. Colonial specimen; hand-made. Owned 
by The Albany Institute. 

A-10. Bell. From the 1702 residence of Sir William John- 
son Owned by Johnstown Historical Society. 

5 



A-ll. Triple Picture. Curiosity showing behind glass, 
bound in broad marble frame, a castle, bridge and fishermen, one 
interposed behind the other on distinct planes; fashionable in 
homes of the rich a century ago. Owned by Miss Katharine Van 
Rensselaer, Rensselaer, ~N. Y. 



B. 

B-l. Skull and Bones. Parts of an Indian's skeleton ex- 
humed on June 24, 1902, close to the monument marker erected 
at the " North Gate " of the old stockaded city of Schenectady, 
commemorating the massacre, pillaging and burning of the place 
by the French and Indians from Canada, under Sieur Le Moyne 
de Sainte Helene at 11 p. m. on the bitterly cold night of Feb. 8, 
1690, when the entire settlement of 80 houses was burned and 
about 300 souls perished by the tomahawk. Owned by Cuyler 
Reynolds, Albany. 

B-2. Wampum Belt. This is doubtlessly the rarest Indian 
wampum belt in the world ; made by the Iroquois to commemorate 
the sight of the first palefaces, in 1524, when Verrazano sailed 
from France and coasted northward along American sea-line until 
he entered E~ew York Bay. Owned by Hon. John Boyd Thacher, 
Albany. 

B-3. Wampum Belt. A unique Indian record of the year 
1609, commemorating the excursion of Samuel Champlain, the 
explorer, into the country of the Iroquois, northern New York ; 
the lake there named in his honor. Owned by Hon. John Boyd 
Thacher, Albany. 



C. 

C-l. Hiawatha Wampum Belt. This Indian record in 
shell beads, as a document, bears the same relation to the American 
aborigine that the " Constitution " bears to the Thirteen original 
states of this Nation. It is believed to have been made in pre- 
Columbian times to commemorate the union of the five tribes, — 
viz. Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayngas and the Seneeas into 
the Iroquois Nation. This item is unique in the entire History 
Exhibit of the Exposition. Owned by Hon. John Boyd Thacher, 
Albany. 

6 



C-2. Hiawatha's Portrait. Conception in colors. Owned 
by N. Y. State. 

C-3. Crown. It is of silver, made by the Indians of New 
York State, such as each Chief of a Nation wore, consequently 
uncommon. Owned by N. Y. State Museum. 

C-4. Disc of Silver. Specimen with punctured triangular 
designs, used by Indians of New York as breast ornament and 
made by them. Owned by N. Y. State Museum. 

C-5. Disc of Silver. Specimen with punctured heart de- 
signs, made years ago by Indians of N. Y. State. Owned by N. Y. 
State Museum. 



D. 

D-l. Corn-husk Dish and Basket. Seneca Nation. 
N. Y. State Museum. 

D-2. Snow-boat, Da-ya-no-ta-yen-da-qua. Iroquois. 
N. Y. State Museum. 

D-3. War Club. Found by Mr. Spears at Herkimer, N. Y., 
after the Indian raid of 1791. Iroquois. N. Y. State Museum. 

D-4. War Club, Ga-ne-u-gd-o-gus-ha. Seneca, N. Y. 
State Museum. 

D-5. Pop-corn Seive, Yun-des-o-yon-da-gwat-ha. 

Iroquois. N. Y. State Museum. 

D-6. Flute. Used in the Corn Dance and Eagle Cere- 
mony. Iroquois. N. Y. State Museum. 

D-7. Moccasins. Beaded pair. Seneca, N. Y. State 
Museum. 

D-8. Belt. Beaded design. Seneca. N. Y. State Museum. 



E. 

E-l. Fan. Heron feather; used in Eagle Ceremony. Seneca. 
State Museum. 

E-2. Meal-sifter. Specimen work of Mary Jamison. 
Presented to N. Y. State Museum by Mrs. Harriet Maxwell 
Converse. 

7 



E-3. Bow, Sheath, Quiver and Arrows. Ancient 
one, in actual use. Presented to ~N. Y. State Museum by Mrs. 
Harriet Maxwell Converse. 

E-4. Fan. Heron feather. Seneca. 1ST. Y. State Museum. 

E-5. Fire-bow and spindle; rare. K Y. State Museum. 



F. 

F-l. Bible of Gen. Philip Schuyler of Albany; 

printed in Dutch at Amsterdam, in 1719, in which his father, 
Mayor of Albany, likewise he, and descendants made entries, show- 
ing at top of page (exposed) the entry of his marriage with 
Catharina Van Rensselaer, Sept. 7, 1755. Owned by Dr. Howard 
Van Rensselaer, Albany. 

F-2. Battle-axe or tomahawk. From Bemis Heights 
Battle, used in Burgoyne's army. Owned by Elmer De Garmore, 
Schuylerville. 

F-3. Brick. Colonial make, Fort Hardy, Schuylerville; 
demolished before 1777. Owned by George Johnson, Schuyler- 
ville. 

F-4. Brick. Colonial make ; used in the original Schuyler- 
ville homestead of Gen. Philip Schuyler; burned by Gen. Bur- 
goyne Oct. 10, 1777. Owned by Col. Joseph J. Perkins, 
Schuylerville. 

F-5. Lock and its large Key. Removed from the Mar- 
shall House at Old Saratoga (Schuylerville) where Burgoyne's 
officers and Mme. Riedesel were quartered, October, 1777, week 
of the surrender. Owned by Mrs. J. M. Sample, Schuylerville. 

F-6. Knocker. This old brass door-piece was in use upon 
the Marshall House door when Burgoyne and his officers dined 
there and the Americans from across the Hudson River shot the 
leg of mutton from off his table. Thereupon he held a council 
and it was deemed expedient to surrender. Owned by James Bur- 
ton, Schuylerville. 

F-7. Canteen. This wooden canteen of American army 
was used in the Battle of Saratoga, Sept. 19, 1777. Owned by 
Chas. McNaughton, Schuylerville. 

8 



F-8. Rifle-balls. These had lain in the ground a century 
when ploughed up on Saratoga battlefield. Owned by C. H. Bui- 
lard, Schuylerville. 

F-9. Adze. This hand-wrought implement bearing British 
mark of make left on the field at Saratoga when the army of Bur- 
goyne laid down arms, Oct. 17, 1777. Owned by Chas. IT. Bui- 
lard, Schuylerville. 

F-10. Button. Hand-made specimen found on the Schuyler 
homestead farm. Owned by C. H. Billiard, Schuylerville. 

F-ll. Canteen. Very old metal specimen from ancient 
Fort Hardy; British make. Owned by C. H. Billiard, Schuyler- 
ville. 

F-12. Bayonet and Scabbard. These were found on 
Saratoga battlefield after the Revolution. Owned by Elmer De 
Gar more, Schuylerville. 

(See also Case V.) 



G. 

G-l. Washington's Compass and Level. It was used 
by him as a surveyor when a young man ; D. Rittenhouse, Phila- 
delphia, maker. It descended to his nephew, Col. Wm. A. Wash- 
ington; to his son, George Washington, who gave it on Feb. 10, 
1854, to his son, Lewis W. Washington. Purchased, with similar 
relics, for $20,000, by the N". Y. State Legislature and deposited 
in the custody of the Regents of University of State of ISTew York, 
and exhibited to the public in the State Library at the Capitol, 
Albany. 

G-2. Cover to Washington's Compass. 

G-3. Washington's Watch Fob. Each seal engraved 
with his initials, as is also the main part. 

G-4. Washington's Protracting Instruments. 

G-5. Washington's Surveying Instruments. 

G-6. Washington's Surveying Instruments. 

G-7. Washington's Marking Pins; six, of wood, used 
by him in surveys. 



G-8. Washington's Surveying Chain. 

G-9. Washington's Surveying Instrument. 

G-10. Washington's Surveying Chain. This is the one 
he first used when a youth. 

G-ll. Washington's Surveying Instrument. 

G-12. Embroidery. Silk specimen, showing the skilled 
needle- work of the first President's wife. Owned by John Mack, 
Albany. 

(See also Case W.) 



H. 
H-l. Trinity Church Charter. This is the charter 
granted in 1696 by King William III. to this widely-known (Epis- 
copal) church, built on the farm of Anneke Jans, west side of 
Broadway at the head of Wall street, New York City, which real 
estate, now worth millions, was sought to be divided by innumer- 
able descendants. Owned by E". Y. State. 

H-2. Letter of Marquis De Lafayette to an Amster- 
dam lady, announcing burial in Louisiana of his son-in-law, 
who married his daughter, Virginia, and deploring the custom 
which denied attendance of relative at funeral. Owned by Mrs. 
Josephine L. Topping, Amsterdam. 

H-3. Van Merteren's History. This ancient Dutch 
book gives the first published account of Henry Hudson's discov- 
ery of the river bearing his name, and was printed at Antwerp in 
1610, the year following. This is the only copy of this edition 
known to bibliophiles. It also mentions the Virginia colony and 
Jamestown. Owned by Hon. John Boyd Thacher, Albany. 

H-4. Capt. John Smith's Journal. This account of 
the brave Captain's adventure at Jamestown in 1607 is as exciting 
as any exploit in history. It is the first mention of the Indian 
maiden, Pocahontas, daughter of the Indian Chief Powhatan, in 
any history, and was printed in 1624. The journals of 1608 and 
1612 omit this incident that has been made a feature in American 
history, of song and drama. The account of her saving Smith's 
life appears on p. 49, and a list of the first settlers of Virginia on 
p. 43. Owned by Hon. John Boyd Thacher, Albany. 

10 



I. 

1-1. Quilt. It was made in sections or squares by the wives 
of Members of the Colonial Congress to help them pass the hours 
Avhile their husbands were deciding the Nation's destiny, each 
wife making one section, and finally joining them together about 
a central one made by Martha Washington. Owned by John 
Mack, Albany. 



J. 

J-l. Indian Deed, for an island in the Hudson River near 
Schodack. 1ST. Y., to Jeremiah Van Rensselaer, Lord of the Manor 
of Rensselaerswyck, and signed with the mark of a horse; dated 
Sept. 7, 1727. Owned by William Bayard Van Rensselaer, 
Albany. 

J-2. Indian Deed, for land in Albany county, near Beth- 
lehem, along the great kill " so far into the country as may be 
thought necessary ;" given to Jan Baptit Van Rensselaer, Director 
of the Colony of Rensselaerswyck, on account of the Patroon and 
other Directors ; signed with marks of two Indians, on Sept. 12, 
1652. Owned by Wm. B. Van Rensselaer, Albany. 

J-3. Candle Snuffers. These were found in a secluded 
room in Fort Crailo, the fortified house in the rear garden of which 
" Yankee Doodle " was written in 1758, at Greenbush (now Rens- 
selaer), E". Y. Owned by John E. Boos, Albany. 

J-4. Silhouette, or Physiognotrace, of Penny Post- 
man William Winne, who carried letters at Albany in 1795, when 
they were brought there by stage-coach. Owned by the Albany 
Post Office. 

J-5. Penwiper. Colonial pattern in common use some 
generations ago, representing Washington. Owned by Mrs. H. L. 
Churchill, Schenectady. 

J-6. Wax Medallion. Peculiar old-fashioned likeness 
made from life, of Volckert Petrus Douw, Mayor of Albany, 
1761-1770. Owned by J. Townsend Lansing, Albany. 

11 



K. 
K-l. Map of 1614, known generally as the " Carte Figura- 
tive/' illuminated fac-simile of the one discovered in The Hague 
archives by J. Komeyn Brodhead of New York State, on June 26, 
1841. On this early map, made 5 years after the discovery by 
Hudson, one notices Long Island, Manhates Is. (Manhattan, or 
New York City) the Riviere vanden vorst Mauritius (Prince of 
Orange) later known as the Hudson River and before 1614 as the 
Grande ; also is indicated fort van Nassaureen, later Tort Orange 
and " The Tort at Albany.' 7 The map was annexed to the memo- 
rial presented by Directors of New Netherland to the States-Gen- 
eral of Holland with the petition of Aug. 18, 1616. It is the 
earliest New York State map known. Owned by N. Y. State. 
Library. 

K-2. Challenge of the War of 1812, the Ameri- 
cans vs. British. The American vessel, " John Adams," having 
been captured by the British, the commander of the latter's vessel 
wrote upon the Adams' manifest an insulting invitation to " come 
outside the hook for a tete-a-tete," which he delivered to the com- 
mander of the American " Constitution," wfcfT accepted it, and 
forthwith coming out for the " tete-a-tete " captured the British 
frigate " La Guerriere." This challenge is framed in wood taken 
from the victorious warship. Owned by Geo. Douglas Miller, 
Albany. 



!■■ 

L-l. Pewter. A collection of twenty-five pieces selected 
from ten times that number to show artistic patterns and shapes 
of Colonial period. Owned by Gardner C. Leonard, Albany. 



M. 

Ml. First American Steam Passenger Train's 
Engineer's Portrait, signed by him, "David Matthew, 
August 9", (1831), of the Mohawk & Hudson line between 
Albany and Schenectady, framed with list of passengers and some 
statistical data regarding train and DeWitt Clinton engine. 
Owned by \. Y. State Library. 

12 



M-2. Contract in manuscript for the first rails to 
be laid across the State of New York, extending the 
Mohawk & Hudson route under a new corporation from Schenec- 
tady to Utica, signed by Erastus Corning, who became the first 
president of the consolidated lines forming !N\ Y. Central road, 
about 1850. The rails were made in England and very light 
affairs. Owned by The Albany Institute. 

M-3. Normal College Opening Oration, delivered by 
Edward Everett, and in his chirography. It being the first insti- 
tution of the kind in the United States, the gifted orator takes 
occasion on the second page to explain the meaning of the term 
" Normal." Owned by Dr. Wm. J. Milne, President of N. Y. 
State Normal College. 

M-4. First Flag Taken in Spanish-American War, 

from the Buena Ventura of the Cuban Mail line. The arms of 
Spain removed therefrom by ripping that portion away. Owned 
by John Mack, Albany. 



(Cases "N, 0, P, Q, K, S — See Autographs.) 



T. 
T-l. Indian Mask; rabbit-skin face, made over wood 
roughly carved by Indian, revolting in appearance. N. Y. State 
Museum. 

T-2. Indian Baby-board; Ga-o-yas-ha ; of the Towanda 
band of Seneca tribe. In it was once strapped the pappoose 
Ga-ni-o-daiu, a tribal successor to " Handsome Lake," the Seneca 
prophet. IN". Y. State Museum. 

T-3. Indian Necklace, f 62 bears' and wolves' teeth, 
taken from grave of Victor, Ontario county. ~N. Y. State Museum. 

T-4. Indian Skirt, Ga-ka-ah ; a genuine beaded specimen 
of Seneca tribe. Owned by ST. Y. State Museum. 



U. 
U-l. Indian Powder-horn; carved with drawings of 
horses ; Mohawk tribe. K Y. State Museum. 



13 



U-2. Indian K»ee Rattle; made of deer hoofs, Gus-da- 
wd-sd Yen-che-no-hos-ta ; Seneca tribe. X. Y. State Museum. 

U-3. Indian Mask, " Stone Giant." Worn at festivals. 
1ST. Y. State Museum. 

U-4. Tomahawk Peace Pipe; inlaid with metal designs; 
Seneca tribe. 1ST. Y. State Museum. 

U-5. King Hendrick's Portrait, in colors, English pro- 
duction. This brave Chief of the Mohawks was one of the four 
Sachems to be taken by Col. Pieter Schuyler to visit Queen Anne 
in 1710, and led his savages as allies of Sir Wm. Johnson (the 
only American Baronet) to repulse the French advance at the 
southern end of Lake George, where, at Bloody Pond fight on 
Sept. 8, 1755, aged 80 years, he was slain. He was accompanied 
by Joe Brant, an Indian youth then aged 13 years, who had his 
first baptism of fire there. N. Y. State Library. 

IT- 6. Indian Hat; beaded, with feathers; Seneca tribe. 
1ST. Y. State Museum. 

IT-7. Indian Water Drum ; used in the Lodge dance of the 
Eagle Society. From Converse-Maxwell collection, !N~. Y. State 
Museum. 

IT-8. Hominy-blade, Gat-go-ne-as-helt ; Seneca tribe. 1ST. Y. 
State Museum. 

IT-9. Indian Mask, " West Wind ;" Seneca tribe. N. Y. 
State Museum. 

IT-10. Indian Rattle; made of a huge tortoise; False Face 
Company. ~R. Y. State Museum. 

IT-11. Salt-bottle; corn husk; Seneca tribe. E". Y. State 
Museum. 

IT-12. Indian Mask, Husk Face " Door Keeper." 

N". Y. State Museum. 

IT-13. Indian's Drawing of the Lodge Dance of the 
Eagle Society; accurately portrayed to show costumes and in- 
struments. 1ST. Y. State Museum. 

IT- 14. Indian Doll; female, carved from wood and cor- 
rectly garbed, as actually used by Indian children. "N". Y.. State 
Museum. 

14 



U-15. Indian. Doll; male, carved from wood, and such as 
played with by infant Indians. N". Y. State Museum. 

U-16. Horn Rattles; four, used by the Buffalo Dancers. 
K Y. State Museum. 

IT-17. Corn Dance Cane; curiously carved wooden speci- 
men as actually used. N. Y. State Museum. 

U-18. Tomahawk; long and curve-pointed, a dangerous 
steel weapon that has undoubtedly taken many scalps. E". Y. 
State Museum. 

U-19. Indian Belt; with pouches, skin and quill work. 
K Y. State Museum. 

U-20. Rubbing-stone; with grooved shaft, used by In- 
dians to sharpen weapons. !N\ Y. State Museum. 

U-21. I*a Crosse Sticks, Ga-ne-a; a pair of genuine In- 
dian Game-sticks. !N\ Y. State Museum. 

TJ-22. Snow-shoes; a pair made and used in hunting by 
New York Indians. NT. Y. State Museum. 



V. 

VI. Wood of one of the boats in Gen. B. Arnold's 
fleet in his Lake Champlain campaign. Owned by Col. 

J. J. Perkins, Schuylerville. 

V-2. Door-pnll, once used at Fort Neilson, Saratoga 
battlefield, 1777. Owned by Cuyler Reynolds, Albany. 

V-3. Cannon-ball, shot into the Marshall House at Schuy- 
lerville, during Burgoyne's campaign, October, 1777. Owned by 
Mrs. J. M. Sample, Schuylerville. 

V-4. Knocker; brass, oval form, pre-Revolutionary period. 
Owned by William McClinton, Schuylerville. 

V-5. Tomahawk, of stone, used by Burgoyne's Indian 
allies in fight against Americans. Owned by Elmer De Garmore, 
Schuylerville. ' 

V-6. Knocker, Colonial period, female face in bronze. 

Found in ruins of Schuyler Homestead. Owned by C. H. Bul- 

lard, Schuylerville. 

15 



V-7. Rifle-balls (massed in pyramidal display) ploughed 
up on the Freeman Farm, Saratoga battlefield. Owned by Cuyler 
Reynolds, Albany. 

V-8. Shittim-wood. A piece of this tree so very rare in 
this country, from which wood the "Ark " was constructed. This 
tree shaded headquarters of Gen. Gates two miles south of Schuy- 
lerville while the serious battle of Oct. 7, 1777, was being waged, 
in which house' he heard reports, while a " generals' battle " v 7 as 
fought out, each officer, so it is said, acting on his own initiative. 
The tree was standing in the spring of 1907 ; but falling from age. 
Owned by Cuyler Reynolds, Albany. 

V-9. Door-latch of the famous Dovegat House, 

south of Schuylerville (now removed) made headquarters by Bur- 
goyne previous to the world-decisive battle of Sept. 19, 1777. 
Owned by Mrs. Mary H. Wilcox, Schuylerville. 

V-10. Surrender Tree's Root. The British forces under 
Burgoyne capitulated under this tree to the American army, 
Schuylerville (then called Saratoga), Oct. 16, 1777, and the fol- 
lowing day laid down their arms. It was one of the decisive 
battles of the world, and brought about the close of the Revolution. 
The tree was burned so badly by a fire in the neighboring black- 
smith-shop about 1870 that it died. While excavating in 1878 for 
a sew T er on Main street it was found by those who had known the 
famous tree. Several rocks have been grown about by the roots 
and held tightly. Owned by G. Augustus Bemis, Schuylerville. 

V-ll. Marker. This cone-pointed piece of metal was se- 
cured to the post holding a small marker flag, and the soldier 
plunged it into the earth. After the Battle of Bemis Heights, 
1777, this one was left on the field ; the wooden part rotted, and 
left this relic of the Revolution. Owned by Col J. J. Perkins, 
Schuylerville. 

V-12. Cannon-ball. This was removed from trunk of a 
tree on Freeman Farm, Battle of Bemis Heights, where it lodged 
during fierce conflict of Sept. 19, 1777. Owned by Col. J. J. 
Perkins, Schuylerville. 

V-13. Rock, quartz surface. Souvenir showing rock 
formation of gravel pit in which a century after his execution as 

1C 



Revolutionary spy, bones of Lovelace were found. Owned by 
Cuyler Reynolds, Albany. 

V-ll. Rock, reddish surface. Of this trap-rock forma- 
tion is the high knoll composed upon which elevation Burgoyne in 
full view of both armies handed his sword over to the conquerors 
on Oct. 17, 1777, a mile south of Schuylerville, then called Sara- 
toga. Owned by Cuyler Reynolds, Albany. 

V-15. Sword and Scabbard. This one is marked on 
blade with 5 stars. It was used in the Battle of Bemis Heights 
by a man named Fonda. Owned by James Bennett, Schuylerville. 

Y-16. Sword and Scabbard. This one carried in the 
Revolution, in northern New York. Owned by Elmer De Gar- 
more, Schuylerville. 

V-17. Chain used during the Revolution to hitch 
the extra horse in dragging artillery up Bemis 
Heights. Owned by Mrs. J. M. Sample, Schuylerville. 

(See also Case F.) 



W. 

W-l. Washington's Surveying Tripod. Owned by 
New York State. 

TY2. Washington's Tripod, lower parts. Owned by 
XeAv York State. 

W-3. Washington's Dress Sword and Scabbard. It 

was presented to him by Frederick the Great of the German Em 
pire. The tradition is that it remained sheathed ever after the 
death of its owner. Owned by New York State. 

W-l. Washington's Pistol. Marquis De Lafayette pre- 
sented it to him as a token of esteem and sincere friendship. 
Owned by New York State. 

W-5. Washington's Survey. A specimen of his work 
when a young man starting in life to earn a living; dated Nov. 7, 
1719. Owned by New York State. 



W-6. Washington's Letter. This was written from his 
Headquarters at Newburgh to General Forman. Owned by Mar- 
cus T. Reynolds, Albany. 



X. 

X-l. Jamestown Documents and Portraits Framed. 

A document in handwriting, signed Aug. 30, 1566, in the un- 
usually clear and artistic hand of Queen Elizabeth ; another, signed 
March 18, 1586, by Sir Walter Raleigh, and 5 rare engravings of 
Queen Elizabeth and Sir Walter Raleigh. Owned by Hon. John 
Boyd Thacher, Albany. 

X-2. Sword and Scabbard. It was carried in the Revo- 
lution by Hendrick Van Yoorhees, an early settler of Amsterdam. 
Owned by Mrs. J. L. Topping, Amsterdam. 

X-3. Soup Tureen. An old-fashioned decorative china 
piece for over a century and a quarter (so the family record 
affirms) owned in New York City, since it was sold there by a 
slave during the Revolution for a pint of beer. Mark : H. Owned 
by C. W. Robinson. 



Y. 

Y-l. Jamestown Documents and Pictures, in 
Frame. Handwritten document signed by William Cecil (Lord 
Burleigh) and Sir Erancis Drake and John Hawkins ; dated Oct. 
1, 1588. Also, autograph document signed by William Cecil, and 
engravings of " Elizabeth Knighting Drake," of Sir John Haw- 
kins, of William Cecil, and 4 rare prints of Drake. Owned by 
Hon. John Boyd Thacher, Albany. 



Z. 

Z-l. Document. This early Dutch document is one of the 
rarities of the kind in New York State connected with founding 
of a settlement and grant of land for such purpose. It is the 
original contract for sale of the land by the Iroquois Indians, now 
the site of Albany, the Capital City of the Empire State. It treats 

18 



with Sebastiaen Janssen Crol, the commissioner for Kiliaen Van 
Eensselaer of Amsterdam, Holland, a wealthy pearl merchant who 
wished to establish a colony on a site 140 miles np the river with 
its fertile valley Hudson discovered in September, 1609. It is 
signed by Peter Minuit, the Director-General of New ISTetherland, 
and also by Peter Bylvelt, Reyner Harmensen, Jan Lampe 
(sellout), Jan Janz Meyns, on Aug. 13, 1630. This document 
recites (in Dutch) that whereas Kiliaen Van Eensselaer has de- 
sired to purchase the land of the Indians, and, whereas, the In- 
dians, on Aug. 8, 1630, were there at the Island of Manahatas and 
did deliberately sell this land in consideration of portions of 
certain cargoes, and, whereas, the Virginians would not recognize 
an ordinary title from the Indians, therefore the Directors certify 
to this sale and transfer. These Virginians referred to were the 
original colonists at Jamestown. Owned by Hon. John Boyd 
Thacher, Albany. 

Z-2. Fort Orange (Albany) Lock and Key. Capt. 
Cornells Jansen Mey (or May) sailed from Holland with 30 
families of Walloons aboard the " Nieu Nederlandt," a vessel of 
130 lasts, and in May, 1624, landed those that continued up the 
Hudson, at the site of Albany, where they built a fort named in 
honor of Maurice, Prince of Orange. The curved shape of the 
key and its hole is unusual, and so far as tradition can verify, 
for it was transferred to each new fort in turn and is referred to 
in history, it belonged to this fort. Owned by Hon. Verplanck 
Colvin, Albany. 

Z-3. Col. Pieter Schuyler's Oil Portrait. A copy in 
oil from the 8-ft. canvas (now at Watervliet, !N". Y.) which was 
made by order of Queen Anne in London, when he took the four 
sachems to visit her in 1710, hoping to persuade her to furnish 
funds to aid colonists. Owned by Schuyler Van Vechten, Albany. 

Z-4. Col. Pieter Schuyler's Sword. He was the first 
Mayor of the oldest chartered city in the United States (Albany, 
July 22, 1686) and as shown in his portrait; the hilt of silver and 
engraved with initials. Owned by Schuyler Van Vechten, Albany. 

Z-5. Tankard. This handsome, old silver piece bears set 
in its cover to show its age, a coin of Louis XIV., 1691, and was 
handed down in the Van Vechten family since that time. Owned 
by Schuyler Van Vechten, Albany. 

19 



Z-6. Speech of the Four Sachems, delivered before 
Queen Anne at London in 1710, with animal sign-marks ; also, 
their speech to the Lords of Her Majesty's Privy Council. Owned 
by the Albany Institute. 

Z-7. Col. Pieter Schuyler's Bill for expenses con- 
veying the four sachems to England to visit Queen 
Anne in 1710. Original in Mayor's Office at Albany. 



Fireplace from the Schuyler Flatts. This large iron 
piece used in the original Schuyler homestead that was built at 
Watervliet (5 miles north of Albany) previous to 1672, was cast 
in 1655, as shown by numerals of the metal itself. The coat-of- 
arms (not that of the family) is grotesque in its quaint animal 
designs, among which figure a unicorn and a bull-dog or lion. 
Owned by Mrs. Richard P. Schuyler, Watervliet. 

" Great Chain " Link. An instructive relic of the Revo- 
lution. It was made at Peter Townsend's Stirling Iron Work in 
Orange county, and entire chain of these huge links was 1,700 
feet long, reaching from West Point eastward across the Hudson 
River to the rocky shore of Constitution Is. It was buoyed across 
on Apr. 30, 1778, with the object of preventing the British war- 
ships from ascending the Hudson to Albany. Owned by K. Y. 
State. 

Prayer-bench. This Dutch household article was made in 
1702, as shown along with the illuminated Dutch text. The alle- 
gorical designs painted upon the front illustrate the separation of 
the goats from the lambs, and the text in old Dutch. Owned by 
Geo. Douglas Miller, Albany. 

Cradle. This is a Dutch household article of antiquity, said 
to be the oldest existing in Albany county and therefore very likely 
to be the oldest preserved in the entire state. Owned by Geo. 
Douglas Miller, Albany. 

Water Pipe Log. It was not more than a century ago that 

water was supplied from the reservoir or dam to the " fountains " 
or wells in each of the five wards of the Capital City. They were 
bored for their length with a 2-inch hole, varying from 8 to 14 

20 



feet, and connected with short iron pipe that entered each log, 
when the log was not pointed and jammed into the next. They 
are similar in appearance to the old Fort Orange stockade posts 
that have been dug up when paving the city in recent years. 
Owned by Cuyler Reynolds, Albany. 

Trunk. This antiquated piece that carries one back to stage- 
coach days, when the leather was carved, the inside lined with a 
paper design, and the size such as would allow it to enter a 
steamer-trunk of to-day. Although held at " Johnson Hall " as a 
relic of the past, it is not claimed that it was owned by Sir Wm. 
Johnson who lived there. Owned by Johnstown Historical 
Society. 



21 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Historic Mansions, Forts, Scenes, Etc., 242 Prints, in Frames. 

1. Albany Academies, 1815, 2 prints. 

2. Albany City Halls, 1740, 3 prints. 

3. Albany Dutch Church, 1715, 1 print. 

4. Albany Dutch Churches, 1656, 6 prints. 

5. Albany Hostelries, 1814, 3 prints. 

6. Andre Incident, No. 1, 1780, 7 prints. 

7. Andre Incident, No. 2, 1780, 5 prints. 

8. Andre Incident, No. 3, 1780, 6 prints. 

9. Bank of New York, 1784, 6 prints. 

10. Battery, New York City, 1614, 6 prints. 

11. Battle of Bemis Heights, Oct, 7, 1777, 9 prints. 

12. Battle of Harlem Heights, Sept. 16, 1776, 1 print. 

13. Battle of Long Island, Aug. 27, 1776, 1 print. 

14. Bloody Pond, Sept, 8, 1755, 1 print. 

15. Capitols of New York, Nov., 1808, 6 prints. 

16. Dongan Charter, Albany, July 22, 1686, 6 prints. 

17. Duke of York & Albany, 1664, 2 prints. 

18. Dutch Street Scene, 1800, 1 print. 

19. Dutch Street Scene, 1800, 1 print. 

20. Elm Tree Corner, Albany, 1800, 1 print. 

21. Erie Canal Opening, Oct. 8, 1823, 4 prints. 

22. Erie Canal Travel (Completed), Nov. 2, 1825, 1 print, 

23. Fort Bull's Site, Rome, 1756, 1 print. 

24. Fort Crailo, Rensselaer, 1663 ( ?), 2 prints. 

25. Fort Frederick, Albany, 1676, 3 prints. 

26. Fort Frederick, Lake Champlain, 1 print. 

27. Fort Hamilton, New York City, 1 print. 

28. Fort Niagara, 1678, 1 print, 

29. Fort Oswego, Oswego, 1755, 1 print. 

30. Fort Stanwix, Rome, 1758, 2 prints. 

31. Fort Ticonderoga, L. George, 1755, 1 print. 

32. Fort Wm. Henry, L. George, 1755, 1 print. 

33. Father Isaac Jogues, 1607-1646, 1 print. 

34. Fraunces' Tavern, New York, 1730, 3 prints. 



35. Fulton's Clermont, Sept. 4, 1807, 1 print. 

36. Gansevoort, Flag & Tomb, 1749-1812, 3 prints. 

37. Grant, Mrs. Anne, 1755-1838, 1 print. 

38. Great Chain Across Hudson, Apr. 30, 1778, 2 prints. 

39. Hamilton-Burr Duel Site, July 11, 1804, 1 print. 

40. Henry and the Telegraph, July, 1829, 6 prints. 

41. Hudson and Half-Moon, Sept. 11, 1609, 7 prints. 

42. Lewis (Gen. Morgan) & Sword, Oct., 1777, 2 prints. 

43. Livingston (Philip) set, 1716-1778, 4 prints. 

44. Livingston (Robert & wife), 2 prints. 

45. Lord Stirling, Set, 1726-1783, 3 prints. 

46. McCrea (Jane) Tree, July 27, 1777, 1 print. 

47. Mohawk & Hudson 1st R. R. Train, Aug. 9, 1831, 1 print. 

Mansions — 

48. Apthorp, New York City, 1764-1891, 1 print. 

49. Cuyler, Rensselaer, 1770, 1 print. 

50. Forbes, Rensselaer, 1850, 1 print. 

51. Grange, New York City, 1802, 1 print. 

52. Idlewild, Cornwall, 1 print. 

53. Johnson Hall, Johnstown, 1762, 1 print, 

54. Jumel, New York City, 1763, 1 print. 

55. Marshall, Schuylerville, 1770 ( ?), 1 print. 

56. Philipse, Yonkers, about 1682, 1 print. 

57. Sanders, Scotia, 1713, 1 print. 

58. Schuyler, Albany, 1761, 1 print, 

59. Schuyler Flatts, Watervliet, 1666, 1 print, 

60. Sunnyside, Tarry town, 1 print. 

61. Ten Broeck, Clermont, 1710, 1 print. 

62. Van Cortlandt, Croton, 1681, 1 print, 

63. Vanderheyden, Albany, 1725, 1 print. 

64. Van Rensselaer, Albany, 1765, 1 print. 

65. New York at 1st Congress, 1789, 6 prints. 
QQ. New York City Stadt Huis, 1642, 1 print. 

67. New York City Hall, 1734, 1 print. 

68. New York City Hall, Set, 1734, 7 prints. 

69. New York City 1st Brick House, 1 print, 

70. Hoeck Mountain, Nyack, 1780, 1 print. 

71. Prince of Orange, 1624, 1 print. 

72. Rip Van Winkle House, 2 prints. 

23 



73. Schenectady Dutch Church, 1734-1814, 1 print. 

74. Schenectady Massacre, Feb. 8, 1690, 1 print. 

75. Sanders-Glen House, Set, 1713, 3 prints. 

76. Schuyler Mansion, Set, 1761, 16 prints. 

77. Senate House, Kingston, 3 prints. 

78. Sleepy Hollow Dutch Church, 1699, 1 print. 

79. St. Paul's Church, New York, 1766, 6 prints. 

80. St. Peter's Church, Albany, 1715, 6 prints. 

81. Ten Broeck (Gen. Ab.) Mansion, 1798, 3 prints. 

82. Ten Broeck's Commission, 1747, 3 prints. 

83. Tombs Prison, New York City, 1 print. 

84. Trinity Church, New York City, 1698, 6 prints. 

85. Van Rensselaer Manor, Set, 1666, 9 prints. 

86. Washington Hdqrs, Newburgh, 1750, 1 print. 

87. Washington's Inauguration, Set, Apr. 30, 1780, 7 prints. 

88. Wolven-Hoeck, Rensselaer, 1724, 3 prints. 

89. Champlain's Attack on Port, 1609, 1 print. 

90. Novum Amsterodamum, 1 print. 

91. Wild Animals of New Netherland, 1 print. 

92. Pather Knickerbocker, Darley's, 1 print. 

93. Henry Hudson's Arms, 1609, 1 print. 



24 



PORTRAITS. 

Oil Paintings on Main Wall. 

94. John Brant, Captain of the Six Nations, 1791 ; Indian 

name, Ayouwaigiis. Owned by IN". Y. State Library. 

95. Joseph Brant, Captain of the Six Nations, 1742-1807; 

Indian name, Tayendanega. Owned by N. Y. State 
Library. 

96. Gen. Philip Schuyler, leader among New York State 

Kevolntionary officers, commanding the Army of the 
North, in whom Washington ever reposed greatest con- 
fidence; member of Colonial Congress, 1779, and first 
IT. S. Senator from New York State, 1789 ; born at 
Albany, Nov. 11, 1733; died (and buried) at Albany, 
Nov. 18, 1804. The Trumbull likeness from life; 
loaned by Miss G. Schuyler, New York City. 

97. General Washington, 1732-1799 ; original oil paint- 

ing by Rembrandt Peale and considered not only the 
best work of this capable portrait painter ; but one of the 
finest canvases of the first President made from life. 
Owned by Andrew Hamilton, Esq., Albany. 

98. Gen. Alexander Hamilton, 1757-1804; colored copy 

of Trumbull's portrait hanging in the Chamber of Com- 
merce Gallery in New York City; but confined to bust 
portrait, almost life-size. Owned by The Albany In- 
stitute. 

99. Christina Ten Broeck; painted in 1720, when a girl; 

later the wife of Philip Livingston. Engravings and 
wood-cuts of this quaintly dressed girl holding a rose in 
extended hand appear in many histories. Owned by 
Miss Katharine Yan Rensselaer, Rensselaer. 
100. Patroon Kiliaen Van Rensselaer, colonizer of 
Rensselaerswyck (later the site of Albany) and for whom 
his agent in America purchased the enormous tracts of 
land, 24 miles wide on both sides of the Hudson River 
and extending north and south 24 miles, from the Mo- 
hawk Indians, the first deed July 27, 1630. This 
portrait painted in Holland. Owned by Dr. Howard 
Yan Rensselaer, Albany. 

25 



GOVERNORS. 

Complete Set of the Portraits of the Executives of New York 
State Framed with Their Autograph Letters, Collected for 
John A. Dix, Esq., by Cuyler Reynolds, and to be Given to The 
Albany Institute. (Size of frames : 30 x 20 in.) 



101. George Clinton, Ulster county, 1777. 

102. John Jay, New York City, 1795. 

103. Morgan Lewis, Ulster county, 1804. 

104. Daniel D. Tompkins, Dutchess county, 1807. 

105. De Witt Clinton, New York City, 1817. 

106. Joseph Christopher Yates, Schenectady, 1822. 

107. Martin Van Buren, Kinderhook, 1828. 

108. Enos Thompson Throop, Auburn, 1829. 

109. William Learned Marcy, Troy, 1833. 

110. William Henry Seward, Auburn, 1839. 

111. William C. Bouck, Fultonham, 1843. 

112. Silas Wright, Canton, 1845. 

113. John Young, Geneseo, 1847. 

114. Hamilton Fish, New York City, 1849. 

115. Washington Hunt, Lockport, 1851. 

116. Horatio Seymour, Deerfield, 1853. 

117. Myron Holley Clark, Canandaigua, 1855. 

118. John Alsop King, Queens county, 1857. 

119. Edwin Dennison Morgan, New York City, 1859. 

120. Beuben E. Fenton, Frewsburgh, 1865. 

121. John Thompson Hoffman, New York City, 1867. 

122. John Adams Dix, New York City, 1873. 

123. Samuel Jones Tilden, New York City ,^1873. 

124. Lucius Eobinson, Elmira, 1877. 

125. Alonzo B. Cornell, New York City, 1880. 

126. Grover Cleveland, Buffalo, 1883. 

127. David Bennett Hill, Elmira, 1885. 

128. Koswell Pettibone Flower, Watertown, 1892. 

129. Levi Parsons Morton, Khinecliff, 1895. 

130. Frank S. Black, Troy, 1897. 

131. Theodore Roosevelt, New York City, 1899. 

132. Benjamin B. Odell, Jr., Newburgh, 1901. 

133. Frank Wayland Higgins, Olean, 1905. 

134. Charles Evans Hughes, New York City, 1907. 

26 



PROMINENT PERSONS. 

Portraits of Fourteen Whose Names Figure Largely in State 
History, 'Twelve of Which List Lived Previous to 1800; 
Framed 22 re 25 in. 



135. Clinton, De Witt, 1769-1828. Projector of Erie Canal, 

Governor. 

136. Clinton, George, 1739-1812. First Governor of 1ST. Y. and 

General. 

137. Fulton, Eobert, 1765-1815. Inventor of the " Clermont." 

138. Gansevoort, Peter, 1749-1812. Sustained siege of Ft. 

Stanwix. 

139. Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878. Inventor of the telegraph. 

140. Hudson, Henry, -1611. Discoverer of the Hudson 

River. 

141. Jay, John, 1745-1829. Statesman, Gov. of New York. 

142. Johnson, Sir Wm., 1715-1774. Leader in Indian affairs. 

143. Livingston, Philip, 1716-1778. New York " Signer" of 

Declaration. 

144. Livingston, Eobert R., 1746-1813. Chancellor, Minister 

to France. 

145. Morris, Gouverneur, 1752-1816. Financed the State in 

Revolution. 

146. Seward, Wm. Henry, 1801-1872. U. S. Sec. of State; 

"N. Y. Governor. 

147. Sheridan, Philip Henry, 1831-1888. Famous general in 

Civil War. 

148. Stuyvesant, Peter, 1602-1682. Dutch Dir.-Gen. of New 

Netherland. 



PORTRAITS FRAMED WITH AUTOGRAPH 
LETTER. 

(Owned by The Albany Institute.) 

149. Gen. Philip Schuyler, print and Revolutionary letter. 

150. Prof. Joseph Henry, inventor of the electric telegraph and 

the first Secretary and organizer of the Smithsonian 
Institution ; print and letter to Samuel F. B. Morse. 

27 



COLONIAL GOVERNORS. 

Portraits in Frames. 
(Owned by Cuyler Reynolds, Albany.) 

151. Sir Edmund Andfos; 'Nov. 10, 1674. 

152. Earl Bellomont, Apr. 13, 1698. 

153. William Burnet, Sep. 17, 1720. 

154. Sir George Clinton, Sep. 2, 1743. 

155. Cadwallader Colden, Aug. 4, 1760. 

156. Viscount Cornbury, May 3, 1702. 

157. Col. Thomas Dongan, Aug. 27, 1682. 

158. Earl of Dunmore, Oct. 19, 1770. 

159. Sir Charles Hardy, Sep. 3, 1755. 

160. Maj.-Gen. Robert Monckton, Oct. 26, 1761. 

161. Col. Pieter Schuyler, May 6, 1709. 

162. Petrus Stuyvesant, May 4, 1626. 

163. Rip Van Dam, July 1, 1731. 

164. Wouter Van Twiller, Apr., 1633. 

REVOLUTIONARY OFFICERS. 

Portraits in Frames of Those Who Figured Prominently in New 
York State Conflicts. 

165. Alexander, Gen. William (Lord Stirling), 1726-1783. 

166. Arnold, Gen. Benedict, 1741-1801. 

167. Burgoyne, Gen. John, 1722-1792. 

168. Clinton, Gen. George, 1739-1812. 

169. Eish, Col. Nicholas, 1758-1833. 

170. Gansevoort, Gen. Peter, 1749-1812. 

171. Gates, Gen. Horatio, 1728-1806. 

172. Hamilton, Gen. Alexander, 1757-1804. 

173. Lewis, Gen. Morgan, 1754-1844. 

174. Morgan, Gen. Daniel, 1736-1802. 

175. Schuyler, Gen. Philip, 1733-1804. 

176. St, Clair, Gen. Arthur, 1734-1818. 

177. Tallmadge, Lieut, Benjamin, 1754-1835. 

178. Ten Broeck, Gen. Abraham, 1734-1810. 

179. Van Horn, David. 

180. Varick, Col. Richard, 1752-1831. 

181. Washington, Gen. George, 1732-1799. 

182. Wayne, Gen. Anthony, 1745-179(1. 

183. Willett, Lt.-Col. Marinus, 1740-1830. 

184. Williams, Gen. Jonathan, 1750-1815. 

28 



MAPS. 

185. Manhattan Island (New York City), in relief, 6 ft., 

6. in. x 2 ft., 8 in. ; showing in raised, colored plaster 
the topographical features as existing in 1776, the forts, 
post-roads, military trails, ponds, etc. ; made by Edwin 
E. Howell in 1898, under direction of Dr. Frederick 
J. H. Merrill, Director of K Y. State Museum at that 
time. 

186. New York State, in relief, size 38x29 inches; made by 

Edwin E. Howell in 1897 for the K Y State Museum. 

187. Carte Figurative, of 1614, as discovered July 27, 

1841, in The Hague archives by J. Romeyn Brodhead, 
and reproduced under his direction for the State of 
New York. 

188. Indian Territorial Division, showing the locations 

of the Aborigines of New York about 1600; by W. M. 
Beauchamp, S. T. D., 1899. 

189. Mohawk River and Wood Creek, Topographical 

Map showing the country of that region, from an actual 
survey taken in [November, 1758. 

190. New France, Champlain's Map, year 1632. 

191. Oswego and its Forts, as mapped in 1755. 

192. New York City, from an actual survey in 1755. 

193. Hudson River Territory, as occupied by Washing- 

ton, from a manuscript map drawn for Lord Stirling in 
1779. 

194. Annetje, or Anneke Jans (Bogardus) Farm, on 

Manhattan Is., with the later New York streets indi- 
cated, 1636. 

PRINTS IN FRAMES. 

Old English engravings of the four Indian Sachems taken on 
sailing vessel in 1710 by Col. Pieter Schuyler (Mayor of Albany) 
to visit Queen Anne at London, where they were gazed upon as 
examples of an unknown race and royally entertained, from 
paintings executed by her command by I. Yerelst. 

195. John, Wolf Tribe. 

196. Hendrick, Wolf Tribe. 

197. Etow Oh Koam, Turtle Tribe. 

198. King of the Maquaas (Mohawks), Bear Tribe. 

29 



AUTOGRAPH LETTERS. 

COLONIAL CONGRESS. 

(Owned by Hon. John Boyd Thacher, Albany.) 

1. Alsop, John, 1774. 

2. Benson, Egbert, 1781. 

3. Boerum, Simon, 1774. 

4. Clinton, George, 1775. 

5. DeWitt, Charles, 1784. 

6. Puane, James, 1774. 

7. Duer, William, 1777. 

8. Floyd, William, 1774. 

9. Gansevoort, Leonard, 1788. 

10. Gelston, David, 1789. 

11. Hamilton, Alexander, 1782. 

12. Haring, John, 1774. 

13. Hathorn, John, 1789. 

14. Jay, John, 1774. 

15. Jones, Samuel, 1789. 

16. Lansing, John, Jr., 1784. 

17. Lawrence, John, 1785. 

18. Lewis, Francis, 1775. 

19. L'Hommedieu, Ezra, 1779. 

20. Livingston, Walter, 1784. 

21. Livingston, Robert R, 1775. 

22. Livingston, Philip, 1774. 

23. Livingston, John, . 

24. Low, Isaac, 1774. 

25. McDougall, Alexander, 1780. 

26. Morris, Gouverneur, 1777. 

27. Morris, Lewis, 1775. 

28. Paine, Ephriam, 1784. 

29. Pell, Philip, 1789. 

30. Piatt, Zephaniah, 1784. 

31. Schuyler, Philip, 1775. 

32. Scott, John Morin, 1779. 

33. Smith, Melancton, 1785. 

34. Wisner, Henry, 1774. 

35. Fates, Peter W., 1785. 

36. Yates, Robert, . 

30 



DIRECTOR-GENERALS. 

(Owned by Hon. John Boyd Thacher, Albany.) 

1. Van Twiller, Wouter, 1633. 
li Kieft, William, 1638. 

2. Stuyvesant, Peter, 1647. 



COLONIAL GOVERNORS. 

(Owned by Hon. John Boyd Thacher, Albany.) 

3. ]N T icolls, Richard, 1664. 

4. Lovelace, Francis, 1667. 

5. Andros, Sir Edmnnd, 1674. 
5i. Brockholls, Anthony, 1677. 

6. Dongan, Col. Thomas, 1682. 

7. Leisler, Jacob, 1689. 

8. Slonghter, Henry, 1691. 

9. Ingoldesby, Kichard, 1691. 

10. Fletcher, Benjamin, 1692. 

11. Coote, Bichard (Earl Bellomont), 1698. 

12. Hyde, Edward (Lord Cornbnry), 1702. 

13. Schnyler, Pieter, 1709. 

14. Hnnter, Robert, 1710. 

15. Burnet, William, 1720. 

16. Montgomerie, John, 1728. 

17. Van Dam, Rip, 1731. 

18. Cosby, William, 1732. 

19. Clarke, George, 1736. . 

20. Clinton, George, 1734. 

21. De Lancey, James, 1753. 

22. Hardy, Charles, 1755. 

23. Golden, Cadwallader, 1760. 

24. Moore, Henry, 1765. 

25. Murray, John (Earl Duninore), 1770. 

26. Tryon, William, 1775. 

27. Robertson, James, 1780. 



31 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



These Illustrations are reproductions from the much larger 
Portraits and Pictures displayed in the Exhibit, and likewise show 
some of the Articles. 

This selection is made with the view of presenting likenesses 
of the more prominent characters in the State's history, various 
types of old mansions, forts of a century ago and historic scenes, 
each item dating previous to the year 1800. 

So prominent are these persons and places that their names are 
known the breadth of the land, yet because of the extreme rarity 
of the old oil portraits and prints they have been seldom seen. 




DEWITT CLINTON. 

The projector of the Erie Canal, who by his untiring efforts saw it 
opened from Lake Erie to the Hudson River on November 2, 1825. 
Governor, 1817-23 and 1825-8; Mayor of New York, 1803-07, 1809-10, 
1811-15. Born at Little Britain, N. Y., March 2, 1769; died at Albany Feb. 
11, 1828. From the painting by Charles C. Ingham. 




GEORGE CLINTON. 

First Governor of New York, serving 1777-95, 1801-04; was most active 
as a General in the Revolution, and Vice-President 1805-12. Born at Little 
Britain, N. Y., July 26, 1739; died at Washington, D. C., April 20, 1812. 
From the painting by Ezra Ames. 




DUKE OF YORK AND ALBANY. 
A Royal Charter for the land comprising the State of New York (and 
more) was given to James, Duke of York and Albany, by his elder brother, 
King Charles II of England, signed March 12, 1664, although it was then 
New Netherland and under Dutch control. Dir.-Gen. Peter Stuyvesant was 
forced to capitulate to the British on Sept. 8, 1664, whereupon, in his honor, 
the tract became known as New York and Beverswyck or Fort Orange as 
Albany. 




ROBERT FULTON. 

Originally an artist, studying at London under Benj. West, he abandoned 
painting in 1793, and devoting himself to engineering, evolved the " Cler- 
mont," forerunner of steamboats, which made a successful trip from New- 
York to Albany on Aug. 11, 1807. Born at Little Britain, Pa., 1765; died at 
New York, Feb. 24, 1815. From a painting by Chappel. 




GENERAL PETER GANSEVOORT. 

He was a prominent Revolutionary General, and successfully defended 
Fort Stanwix (site of Rome, N. Y.) against the British under St. Leger, 
through the three weeks' siege ending Aug. 22, 1777, for which he received 
the thanks of Congress. Born at Albany, July 17, 1749; died July 2, 1812. 
From the original painting by Gilbert Stuart. 




ALEXANDER HAMILTON. 

First Secretary of the Treasury in Washington's Cabinet, and financier 
of foremost ability ; a prominent pamphleteer in the agitation preceding the 
Revolution; Captain in Continental Army, 1776; on Washington's staff, 



I 777~8i ; distinguished service at Yorktown, 1781 ; 
Congress, 1782-3; Constitutional Convention, 1787; 
1789. Mortally wounded in duel at Weehawken, N. J. 



member Continental 

Commander-in-Chief, 

July 11, 1804. Born 



on Nevis Is., W. I., Jan. 11, 
Painting by John Trumbull. 



1757; died at New York, July 12, 1804. From 




KING HENDRICK. 

He was leader of the Iroquois Nation allies of Sir Wm. Johnson, and 
although aged four-score, conducted his large band of savages from central 
part of New York through the Wilderness to Ft. William Henry, at southern 
end of Lake George, where he was slain while fighting the French on Sept. 
8, 1755. From colored portrait owned by New York State Library. 




PROF. JOSEPH HENRY. 

Discoverer of the principle of the electric telegraph, he gave practical 
demonstration of his invention in the Albany Academy in July, 1829; joined 
Princeton faculty in 1832 and continued valuable scientific experiments ; 
became first Secretary and organizer of the Smithsonian Institution Dec. 3, 
1846. Born at Albany, Dec. 17, 1777 ; died at Washington, D. C, May 
13, 1878. 




HENRY HUDSON. 

An intrepid English navigator who made trips in 1607 and 160S seeking 
an Arctic passage to India, and on the third sailed into the Hudson River. 
On Jan. 8, 1609, he signed a contract with the Dutch East India Co. to sail 
the Half Moon (60 tons) to America; started from the Texel, Holland, 
March 25th, entered The Narrows Sept. 6th, anchored at 42 ° 40' (Albany) 
Sept. 19th ; sailed for England Oct. 4th. On subsequent voyage his crew 
mutinied and he was set adrift in Hudson's Bay, June 23, 161 1. 




JOHN JAY. 
Prominent statesman and jurist; Governor, 1795-1801 ; first Chief Justice 
of U. S. Supreme Court, 1789-95; special Minister to Gt. Britain, 1794-5; 
delegate to the Congress, 1774-6, 1778-9; drew up New York's Constitution, 
1777; U. S. Minister to Spain, 1780-2; Peace Commissioner at Paris, 1782-3; 
Secy for Foreign Affairs, 1784-9. Born at New York, Dec. 12, 1745; died 
at Bedford, N. Y., May 17, 1829. From the original painting by Gilbert 
Stuart. 




SIR WILLIAM JOHNSON. 

Superintendent of Indian Affairs in the Colonies for Gt. Britain ; ap- 
pointed in 1744 Colonel of the Six Nations; commanded provincial forces 
in attack on Crown Point ; led the repulse of the French in the great con- 
flict of Sept. 8, 1755, at the southern end of Lake George ; and commanded 
the Indian troops under Lord Amherst in 1760. Born at Warrentown, Ire., 
in 1715; died at Johnstown, N. Y., July 4, 1774. From an engraving 
published at London, 1756. 




PHILIP LIVINGSTON. 
Signer of the Declaration of Independence as a Member of the Congress 
from New York, 1776; prominent as statesman and politician. Belonged to 
the Livingston Manor on the Hudson. Born at Albany, N. Y., Jan. 15, 1716; 
died at York, Pa., June 12, 1778. From an engraving by J. B. Longacre after 
original painting. 




ROBERT R. LIVINGSTON. 

Chancellor of the State of New York, 1777-1801 ; negotiated the Louis- 
iana Purchase in 1803 ; Secretary of Foreign Affairs, 1781-3 ; U. S. Minister 
to France, 1801-4 ; associated with Robert Fulton in furthering steamboat 
navigation ; residence at Clermont, Columbia county, N. Y. Born at New 
York, Nov. 27, 1746; died Feb. 26, 1813. From the H. B. Hall engraving. 




GOUVERNEUR MORRIS. 

Prominent as a statesman ; member of the family that financed the 
Revolution for Americans; member of the Continental Congress; on the 
committee drafting the U. S. Constitution in 1787; U. S. Minister to France, 
1792-4; U. S. Senator, 1800-1803. Born at Morrisania, N. Y., Jan. 31, 1752; 
died there, Nov. 6, 1816. 




PRINCE OF ORANGE. 
Thirty families of Walloons sailed from Holland in March, 1624, aboard 
the Nieu Nederlandt, some going ashore at Manhattan upon arrival there in 
May, and 18 families continuing to site of Albany, forming a colony named 
Fort Orange in honor of Maurice, Prince of Orange, ruler of House of 
Nassau. Born at Dillenburg, Prussia, Nov. 14, 1567; died at The Hague, 
April 23, 1625. 




GENERAL PHILIP SCHUYLER. 

A leader of the foremost rank among New York's Revolutionary officers, 
commanding the Army of the North, in whom Washington ever reposed 
greatest confidence; Member of the Colonial Congress, 1779; first U. S. 
Senator from New York State, 1789. Born at Albany, Nov. it, 1733; died 
at Albany, Nov. 18, 1804. From the painting by John Trumbull. 




PETER STUYVESANT 
Director-General of New Netherland for the Dutch West India Co., 
1646-1664, in which latter year he was forced to surrender to the English 
fleet. He lived on his farm in New York known as " Bouwerij " (Bowery), 
and his pugnacious character has given him prominence in history. Born 
in Holland, 1602 ; died at New York, August, 1682. From the original 
painting loaned to N. Y. Historical Society by Robert Van Rensselaer 
Stuyvesant. 




PATROON KILIAEN VAN RENSSELAER. 

Colonizer of Rensselaerswyck, later the site of Albany, for whom his 
agent in America purchased the enormous tracts of land from the Mohawk 
Indians, 24 miles wide on each side of the Hudson River, and extending 
north and south 24 miles, the first deed on July 2j, 1630. This portrait 
painted in Holland, and owned by Dr. Howard Van Rensselaer, Albany. 
1907. 














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CHAIN ACROSS HUDSON. 
The "'Great Chain' - was cast at the Stirling Iron Works of Peter Town- 
send in Orange county, 1,700 feet long, each link of 2 1 2-inch iron liar, 30 
inches long, stretched upon a boom from West Point to Constitution Is. 
with the object of preventing" ascent of British war vessels up the Hudson. 
Placing it in position began April 16th and on April 30, 1778, it was secured 
at the two ends. 




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CUYLER MANSION— VLIE HOUSE. 

This house, so called to signify '' House by the Marsh," was erected by Hendrick Cuyler 
on the Greenbush shore, about 1770 (some records place it 50 years earlier), and was standing, 
south 01 Fort Crailo, in good preservation in 1906. 




DUTCH CHURCH AT ALBANY. 

This is typical of early Dutch religious edifices of New Netherland, and was 
erected by the first congregation that was instituted at Fort Orange (in 1642), 
the second in the State of New York. This building, on site of the 1656 wooden 
edifice, was constructed of brick in 1715, and was removed in 1806 as it stood in 
the center of State street at intersection of Broadway, impeding traffic. 




ELM TREE OF PHILIP LIVINGSTON. 

This picture is typical of a Dutch street scene at Albany in 18th century, and of interest 
because tradition affirms that Philip Livingston, "The Signer," in 1735, planted the sturdy 
elm before his home, n. w. cor. State and Pearl sts. When cut down, June 15, 1877, a large 
section was placed in the State Museum. 




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FORT TICONDEROGA. 

Scene of conflict between Samuel Champlain and the Mohawks, July 30, 1609. The 
fort was built on outlet connecting Lake George and Lake Champlain by the French, 
under Baron Dieskau, in 1755-6, and named Fort Carillon. Gen. Abercrombie defeated 
here by Montcalm, July 8, 1758. Lord Amherst took it from the French, July 26, 1759. 
Captured by Americans under Ethan Allen, May 10, 1775. The Americans evacuated it 
to Burgoyne, July 5, 1777. 






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JANE McCREA TREE. 

Few realize the momentous effect of the barbaric slaying of Jane McCrea 
in the Ft. Edward woods by " Panther." It is likely that Burgoyne would 
have captured Albany had not the New England colonies been shocked to a 
realization of danger and speedily sent militia to Bemis Heights. Remains 
removed to Ft. Edward cemetery April 23, 1822. 




MARSHALL HOUSE, SCHUYLERVILLE. 

A Revolutionary house with an interesting story of its own, located on the hill west 
of the Hudson at Schuylerville, wherein Baroness Riedesel and many of Burgoyne's 
officers and wives found refuge at the time of the surrender in October, 1777, of which 
she wrote entertainingly in her published " Memoirs." 




PENNY POSTMAN. 

What was styled a physiognotrace (silhouette) was popular in the 
century before photography. Penny Postman Wm. B. Winne was one of 
the first to carry city mail, 1795 to 1832, when it had been brought to 
Albany by stage-coach, and the original print is preserved in the Post- 
Office there. This was half a century before stamps were in use. 








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HO NEE YEATH TAW NO ROW. 
(John) "King of the Genereth- 
garich (Wolf Tribe). 



TEE YEE NEEN HO GA ROW. 
(King Hendrick) "Emperor" of 
Six Nations (Wolf Tribe). 









ETOW OH KOAM. 
" King " of the River Nation 
(Turtle Tribe). 



SA GA YEATH OUA PIETH TOW. 
" King " of the Maqnaas, or Mo- 
hawks (Bear Tribe). 

SCHUYLER'S INDIAN SACHEMS. 



Col. Pieter Schuyler, the first Mayor of Albany, took five Sachems to 
London in December, 1709, one dying on the voyage over, and they were 
presented in state to Queen Anne, April T9, 1710, who had their portraits 
painted by I. Verelst before sailing back on the Dragon, May 8th. 




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SCHUYLERVILLE MONUMENT. 

This granite obelisk, 154 ft. high, commemorates the battles at 
Bemis Heights on Sept. 19th, at Schuylerville (Saratoga in 1777) on 
Oct. 7th, and surrender of British under Burgoyne on Oct. 17, 1777. 
Corner stone laid on the centennial; completed, June, 1883; base, 40 ft. 
Bronze statue in east niche (left) of Gen. Philip Schuyler, facing the 
Hudson and his home that Burgoyne burned. 










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SURRENDER TREE. 

Beneath its branches the "Articles of Convention " were signed on Oct. 
16, 1777, when General Burgoyne capitulated to the Americans, following 
one of the decisive battles of the world, that of Bemis Heights, and thus 
caused England to consider abandoning her American colonies. The next 
<lav the British laid down their arms and marched to the sea. 






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